Wallpaper (solid, image, or vector) and it paints the background, a legibility scrim, and your content in a Stack. Source: ash_wallpaper.dart.
API
Layer order
SolidWallpaper → ColoredBox; ImageWallpaper → cached network image (with surfaceBg placeholder/error states); VectorWallpaper → blurred gradient-blob painter. The stack clips with Clip.hardEdge — give the parent the border radius (as StyledListTile does).
Legibility
The default 50%surfaceBg scrim is a reasonable general-purpose wash. For content-bearing surfaces follow the legibility rule: dark text with no scrim over solids; ThemeOverride(brightness: dark) + gradient scrim over textures.
Tokens consumed
surfaceBg (default scrim, image placeholder).